As a result, a number of researchers have proposed a host of additional conditions needed to achieve positive contact outcomes (e.g. 'When Theories Meet': Approaching Intergroup Contact from a Self Leibniz-Institut fr Wissensmedien/Knowledge Research Center and University of Tbingen, Tbingen, Germany, Department of Psychology, Social Psychology program group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Christ, O., Kauff, M. (2019). Joyce and Harwood75 recruited students from communications classes at a large university in Arizona to participate in an intergroup contact study. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167293196005, Kauff, M., Green, E. G. T., Schmid, K., Hewstone, M., & Christ, O. Orlando, FL: Academic Press. Child Dev Perspect. 1000 San Antonio, TX 78229 telephone (210)562-6500 email saludamerica@uthscsa.edu, Achieving a Cohesive Culture for Health Equity in Latino and All Communities: A Research Review, Honoring Latino Military Heroes on Veterans Day, Institute for Health Promotion Research (IHPR). The effects of ingroup and outgroup friendships on ethnic attitudes in college: A longitudinal study. In a single chapter of his book, The Nature of Prejudice, Gordon Allport (1955) attempts to address the question of what happens when groups interact through his intergroup contact hypothesis. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'simplypsychology_org-medrectangle-3','ezslot_1',615,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-simplypsychology_org-medrectangle-3-0'); This chapter has spawned a large research literature in race relations and beyond. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. (studies in social psychology in world war ii), vol. PubMed The control group participants read the baseball and cooking articles. It was originally developed by Richard J. Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., Glick, P., & Xu, J. American Journal of Sociology, 67(1), 47-52. var domainroot="www.simplypsychology.org" British Journal of Social Psychology, 51(2), 257272. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2194, Kenworthy, J. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000242. Exposure to rising inequality shapes Americans opportunity beliefs and policy support. (2000). Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Sumner believed that because most groups believed themselves to be superior, intergroup hostility and conflict were natural and inevitable outcomes of contact. Allports intergroup contact hypothesis: Its history and influence. Historically, in contact hypothesis research, racial and ethnic minorities have been the out-group of choice; however, the hypothesis can extend to out-groups created by a number of factors. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430203006001013. 8600 Rockville Pike In short, the intergroup contact hypothesis has been used by many intervention programs aimed at improving relationships between individuals and groups formerly in conflict, believing that increased contact between former enemies leads to mutual understanding and dialogue that over time decreases prejudice and increases goodwill. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 339367. Opponents of Allport's theory state that positive outcomes of managing the racial and ethnic diversity are rather rare. 2008 Oct;95(4):843-60. doi: 10.1037/a0011434. Living apart, living together? New York, NY: Psychology Press. Schofield, J. W. (1986). 291310). Lee, Farrell, and Link (2004) used data from a national survey of public attitudes toward homeless people to evaluate the applicability of the contact hypothesis to relationships between homeless and housed people, even in the absence of Allports four positive factors. Deutsch, M., & Collins, M. E. (1951). Popular opinion on the subject is split. Would this evoke more compassion?13,82, Gill et al.82 conducted a series of correlational and experimental studies to test the hypothesis that people would indeed show more compassion for outgroup members if the outgroup members were seen as not being in control of the outcome, such as a situation where poor academic performance was due to cognitive deficit rather than laziness. ins.style.display='block';ins.style.minWidth=container.attributes.ezaw.value+'px';ins.style.width='100%';ins.style.height=container.attributes.ezah.value+'px';container.appendChild(ins);(adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({});window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'stat_source_id',44);window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'adsensetype',1);var lo=new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent);lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId+'-asloaded'),{attributes:true}); The contact hypothesis is the idea that intergroup contact under particular conditions can reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members. Groups need to work together in the pursuit of common goals. When and How School Desegregation Improves Intergroup Relations. Parker, J. H. (1968). Contact Theory can serve as a rationale for interventions that aim to promote positive attitudes and thereby also the social participation of students with disabilities. Intergroup Contact: The Past, Present, and the Future Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage. Stephan, W. G., Boniecki, K. A., Ybarra, O., Bettencourt, A., Ervin, K. S., Jackson, L. A., . Allport's Intergroup Contact Hypothesis: Its History and Influence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(12), 16621674. The aim was then to verify whether intergroup contact during practical training would decrease . Nickerson, C. (2021, Nov 01). The intergroup contact theory suggests that frequent and positive face-to-face contact among professionals or students with different cultural heritage can help to reach both increasing team effectiveness and adequate care in a multicultural setting. As people with different cultures come in close contact they begin to influence, Homosexuality has become a popular research topic in a variety of professional fields, and over the last decade has become a priority for the military. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018553, Trawalter, S., Richeson, J. Interestingly, having immigrant friends did not have a significant moderation on the effects of political conservatism on anti-immigrant sentiment.67, Children show evidence of prejudice and stereotyping as early as 3 or 4 years old; children who are members of minority and/or low-status groups are often aware of prejudice and stereotyping earlier than non-minority or high-status children, likely because they have been the target of discrimination by other groups.76. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(1), 4559. Intergroup contact: When does it work, and why? A., & Shelton, J. N. (2009). https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018195, Lemmer, G., & Wagner, U. There was a mediating effect for groups related to illegal immigrants either socio-politically or as a minority; as an example, negative attitudes toward illegal immigrants were related to negative attitudes toward the poor. offered the first extensive field study of the effects of intergroup contact (1949). Communic Res. 67. Crawford JT, Brandt MJ, Inbar Y, Chambers JR, Motyl M. Social and economic ideologies differentially predict prejudice across the political spectrum, but social issues are most divisive. The effect of Jewish-Palestinian mixed-model encounters on readiness for contact and policy support. London, UK: Routledge. Besides, the intergroup contact theory's effects were maximized in teams where the number of females is greater than or equal to the number of males. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,600],'simplypsychology_org-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_5',134,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-simplypsychology_org-large-leaderboard-2-0'); This dissonance, it is theorized, Brophy, I. N. (1945). J Exp Soc Psychol. In P. L. Hammack Jr. Intergroup Contact - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Wagner, U., & Hewstone, M. (2012). International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32(3), 187199. We and our partners share information on your use of this website to help improve your experience. 2005 Aug;31(8):1145-58. doi: 10.1177/0146167205274854. Baker, P. E. (1934). Intergroup Contact Theory | IBOOK.PUB The contact hypothesis is the idea that intergroup contact under particular conditions can reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members. Intergroup contact and intergroup conflict. American Behavioral Scientist, 50(11), 14301453. (2011). Counties during COVID-19. Die empirische Evaluation von Prventionsprogrammen gegen Fremdenfeindlichkeit [The empirical evaluation of prevention programs for xenophobia]. Intergroup Contact Theory | SpringerLink Maoz, I. ), Intergroup contact theory: Recent developments and future directions (pp. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Direct contact as a moderator of extended contact effects: Cross-sectional and longitudinal impact on outgroup attitudes, behavioral intentions, and attitude certainty. Now the domain has developed into a complex and intricate theory, complete with multiple forms of contact and numerous moderating and mediating variablesas . MacKenzie, B. K. (1948). What is Intergroup Contact Theory 1. Ethnocentrism: Theories of conflict, ethnic attitudes, and group behavior. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(1), 118. The Contact Hypothesis states that interaction between different groups, or representatives of different groups, leads to reduced prejudice and promotes positive attitudes (Allport, 1954). Back in the real world. In addition, those who validated local anti-Latino discrimination were significantly more likely not to call for lower immigration rates, and interpersonal contact with Latino immigrants predicted fewer calls for increased border security and increased work place raids. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167210386969, Christ, O., Schmid, K., Lolliot, S., Swart, H., Stolle, D., Tausch, N., Hewstone, M. (2014). Intergroup Contact Theory: Past, Present, and Future. (1997). 652683). Those in the inequality condition read an article about rising income inequality in the United States; the article did not call attention to any particular social group, nor did it discuss the issue of opportunity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2013.11.002, Bigler, R. S., & Hughes, J. M. (2010). In the twentieth century, perspectives began to diversify. The fourth video was a control and consisted of footage from a nature documentary. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. In L. Vezzali & S. Stathi (Eds. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45(2), 152168. Simply Scholar Ltd - All rights reserved. For example, Allports contact conditions leave open the question of whether contact with one group could lead to less prejudicial opinions of other outgroups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 38(6), 922934. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764207302462, CrossRef The present and the future of the contact hypothesis and the need for integrating research fields. Intergroup contact theory Intergroup contact theory . Producing equal-status interracial interaction: A replication. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 116(2), 277295. From a sociolinguistic viewpoint, the ethnic diversity and the, This paper explores the role of mediated intergroup contact in improving intergroup attitudes between Italian speakers and German speakers in South Tyrol, Italy. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 35(1), 1024. Gaertner, S. L., Dovidio, J. F., Banker, B. S., Houlette, M., Johnson, K. M., & McGlynn, E. A. Recent years have witnessed a renewal of interest in intergroup contact theory. so as to satisfy the above four conditions. Recent advances in intergroup contact theory. The reduction of intergroup tensions: a survey of research on problems of ethnic, racial, and religious group relations. Can imagined interactions produce positive perceptions? Three of the videos were taken from a documentary called 30 Days that chronicled a United States border patrolman sent to live with a family of illegal immigrants for 30 days. Annual review of sociology, 8(1), 209-235. Reducing intergroup bias: The benefits of recategorization. This has elicited a large amount of stigmatization and associations between homelessness and poor physical and mental health, substance abuse, and criminality, and ethnographic studies have revealed that homeless people are regularly degraded, avoided, or treated as non-persons by passersby (Anderson, Snow, and Cress, 1994). 2017;114(36):9593-9598. doi:10.1073/pnas.1706253114, 82. Results showed that more interpersonal contact with Latino immigrants had a significant inverse relationship with the respondents desire for decreased legal immigration, and those who denied substantial local anti-Latino discrimination were more likely to prefer lower immigration rates, though this result only approached statistical significance. Allport's Intergroup Contact Theory as a theoretical base for - PubMed The nature of prejudice. We will then discuss moderators (e.g., types of in- and outgroup categorization) and mediators (e.g., intergroup anxiety and empathy) of contact effects as well as potential unintended effects of intergroup contact. The smallest contact effects happened between those with and without mental and physical disabilities (Pettigrew and Tropp, 2005). (2011). situations in which they engage in positive social interactions with members of those Both groups must work together for their common goals without competition. In L. R. Tropp & R. K. Mallett (Eds. eCollection 2022. Psychological Science, 20, 114121. Taylor et al.80 used data from the 2010 Chicago Area Study to determine whether interpersonal contact with Latinos would have any effect on whites immigration policy views. TL;DR: The chapter proposes four processes: learning about the outgroup, changed behavior, affective ties, and ingroup . ), Groups in contact: The psychology of desegregation (pp. 2020;14(2):471-495. doi:10.1017/S1742058X1700013, 81. The network is a project of the Institute for Health Promotion Research (IHPR) at UT Health San Antonio. Intergroup Contact Theory: Past, Present, and Future Kiehne and Ayon67 conducted a study to determine how political orientation and friendships with immigrants affect negative attitudes toward immigrants, as, in the United States, anti-immigrant propaganda is typically perpetuated by conservative political groups and is often represented in the political platforms of Republican Candidates.67. Varied research supports the hypothesis, but four problems remain. European Review of Social Psychology, 25(1), 314389. Bar-Tal, D. (2013). Concluding thoughts: The past, present and future of research on the contact hypothesis. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2011.03.001. Intergroup contact theory. - APA PsycNET An official website of the United States government. A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590802057936, Pettigrew, T. F. (2016). Goal Interdependence and Interpersonal-personal Attraction in Heterogeneous Classrooms: a meta analysis, chapter in Miller N & Brewer MB Groups in Contact: The Psychology of Desegregation. To view the other video made for this assignment,. Sample Essay on Intergroup Contact Theory - Essay Homework Help The Journal of Social Psychology, 7(2), 192-204. Journal of Social Issues, 60(2), 373387. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.73. 1. Intergroup contact theory. In L. Vezzali & S. Stathi (Eds. When intergroup contact can backfire: The content of intergroup encounters and desire for equality. The Contact Hypothesis/Intergroup Contact Theory - YouTube Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 15, 193202. This final video assignment describes and uses supporting detail to to summarize The Contact Hypothesis, also called Intergroup Contact Theory. Part 2: Potential Obstacles to Positive Intergroup Contact and Directions for Circumvention. statement of intergroup contact theory in The Nature of Prejudice. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311411103. G. W. Allport (1954) specified 4 conditions for optimal intergroup contact: equal group status within the situation, common goals, intergroup cooperation and authority support. While some theorists believed that contact between ingroups, such as between races, bred suspicion, fear, resentment, disturbance, and at times open conflict (Baker, 1934); others, such as Lett (1945) believed that interracial contact led to mutual understanding and regard.. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. These findings were among the first to suggest that Allports contact hypothesis held relevance in intergroup contact beyond race relations (Caspi, 1984). In this chapter, we will first review evidence for the effectiveness of intergroup contact and introduce different forms of intergroup contact direct (i.e., face-to-face contact) as well as more indirect forms of contact (i.e., extended, vicarious, and imagined contact). Those in the inequality treatment group rated structural factors as more important than individual factors in getting ahead, as compared to the control group (both P < 0.001).81, In the second study, participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. ), Intergroup misunderstandings: Impact of divergent social realities (pp. Intergroup contact theory - PubMed Researchers have also criticized Allport for not specifying the processes involved in intergroup contacts effects or how these apply to other situations, the entire outgroup, or outgroups not involved in the contact (Pettigrew, 1998). Yet research finds that the positive effects of cross-group friendship are larger than those of the bias. (Ed. As a result, deep thinkers showed more compassion than shallow thinkers in the face of external explanations; similarly, and perhaps unsurprisingly, those who identified more strongly with the outgroup had more compassion than those who did not identify with the outgroup.82, In study four, participants were educated about the negative behaviors of a fictitious outgroup; the presence or absence of external explanations varied. Contact hypothesis - Wikipedia Affective mediators of intergroup contact: A three-wave longitudinal study in South Africa. And this new work has led to rapid advances. All you need is contact - American Psychological Association Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(10), 11451158. In: New York: Academic Press. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(2), 239249. On the nature of prejudice: Fifty years after Allport, 262-277. Comment document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a2ab2d1a2d50d80c353822ce02ecf982" );document.getElementById("e2ff97a4cc").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Salud America! (2018). European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 5775. In L. Vezzali & S. Stathi (Eds. Becoming the best place to work: Managing diversity at American Express Travel related services. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320901111. (2005). https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470773963.ch17, Klein, R. A., Ratliff, K. A., Vianello, M., Adams, R. B., Jr., Bahnk, S., Bernstein, M. J., Nosek, B. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.65, Pettigrew, T. F. (2008). Jackson, J. W. (1993). Today . In S. Demoulin, J. P. Leyens, & J. F. Dovidio (Eds. Friend or ally: Whether cross-group contact undermines collective action depends on what advantaged group members say (or don't say). PDF A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup Contact Theory Coexistence is in the eye of the beholder: Evaluating intergroup encounter interventions between Jews and Arabs in Israel. (1945). Intergroup contact theory provides a useful framework for effective interventions to improve intergroup relationship; however, disharmony between various social groups perseveres. Prejudice and intergroup interaction. Intergroup contact exists as a powerful intervention to ameliorate negative group relations. Future directions for intergroup contact theory and research. A selection bias limits cross-sectional studies, since prejudiced people avoid intergroup contact. Results showed that white participants did favor external explanations in situations where outgroup members were perceived to have less control, and they also reported increased perceptions of suffering. Part 1: Introduction. Intergroup contact theory has been one of the most influential theories in social psychology since it was first formulated by Gordon Allport in 1954. In the inequality condition, participants read the same article as in the first study followed by an article related to cooking. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. . When groups meet: The dynamics of intergroup contact. Social Psychology Quarterly, 47(1), 74-80. doi:10.2307/3033890, Chu, D., & Griffey, D. (1985). 92113). Intergroup Contact Theory Flashcards | Quizlet Cross-ethnic friendships, perceived discrimination, and their effects on ethnic activism over time: A longitudinal investigation of three ethnic minority groups. https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264584.003.0009. Keywords affective ties; ingroup reappraisal; group categorization. Progress in Human Geography, 9(1), 99-108. decreased intergroup anxiety, increased common group representations), and explore factors that can facilitate the generalization of the . The meta-analysis finds that intergroup contact typically reduces intergroup prejudice, and this result suggests that contact theory, devised originally for racial and ethnic encounters, can be extended to other groups. recent years have seen expanded definitions of intergroup contact, moving from direct face-to-face contact to broader realms such as imagining interaction with the outgroup, contacting the outgroup through interactive (e.g., computer) or non-interactive (e.g., broadcast) media, and becoming aware of or observing contact involving other ingroup Black-White contact in desegregated schools. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Behavioural consequences of imagining intergroup contact with stigmatized outgroups. Jarrott SE, Leedahl SN, Shovali TE, De Fries C, DelPo A, Estus E, Gangji C, Hasche L, Juris J, MacInnes R, Schilz M, Scrivano RM, Steward A, Taylor C, Walker A. J Soc Issues. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430211418699. [PDF] Intergroup contact theory. | Semantic Scholar Acting sequentially, three strategies enhance generalization-decategorization, salient categorization, and recategorization. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Does contact reduce prejudice or does prejudice reduce contact? Meta-analytic tests of three mediators. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213477155, Beelmann, A., & Heinemann, K. S. (2014). Foster, D., & Finchilescu, G. (1986). Allport, G. W. (1955). In L. R. Tropp (Ed. Achieving a Cohesive Culture for Health Equity in Latino and All Communities: A Research Review, At the individual level, the contact hypothesis of social psychology, also called the intergroup contact theory, proposes that members of one group, having incomplete or inaccurate ideas about members of another group, can positively change their beliefs and attitudes toward that group via contact, whether face-to-face or through other interactive methods such as computer-mediated communication.75. This volume highlights, via a critical lens, the most notable recent developments in the field, demonstrating its vitality and its capacity for reinvention and integration with a variety of . Predicting behavior during interracial interactions: A stress and coping approach. Vezzali, L., & Stathi, S. (2017). Harvard University. Intergroup contact theory has been one of the most influential theories in social psychology since it was first formulated by Gordon Allport in 1954. Contextual effect of positive intergroup contact on outgroup prejudice. According to the intergroup contact theory developed by Gordon Allport in 1954, the diverse groups are positive for organizations because direct contacts can decrease prejudice and contribute to developing positive relationships. In L. Vezzali & S. Stathi (Eds. Varied research supports the hypothesis, but four problems remain. Wagner, U., Christ, O., & van Dick, R. (2002). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(3), 574587. Journal of personality and social psychology, 90(5), 751. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 700210. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032603, CrossRef 2017;112(3):383-412. doi:10.1037/pspa0000074, 74. 37, eds M. P. Zanna (San Diego, CA: Elsevier . Oliver Christ . American Psychologist, 65(2), 130131. Proposed mechanisms, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. The Four Conditions of Intergroup Contact - newsweek.com (2017). The chapter outlines a longitudinal intergroup contact theory. Bigler RS, Wright YF. International Journal of Group Tensions, 23(1), 43-65. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'simplypsychology_org-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_8',863,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-simplypsychology_org-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,100],'simplypsychology_org-leader-2','ezslot_11',864,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-simplypsychology_org-leader-2-0');Jackson, P. (1985). The irony of harmony: Intergroup contact can produce false expectations for equality. Dovidio, M. Hewstone, P Glick, & V. Esses (Eds. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167216685291, Hewstone, M. (2009). Social Psychology in Action pp 145161Cite as. Bad Is Stronger Than Good for Stigmatized, but Not Admired Outgroups: Meta-Analytical Tests of Intergroup Valence Asymmetry in Individual-to-Group Generalization Experiments. A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. Recent advances in intergroup contact theory - ScienceDirect We propose that beyond improvingattitudestowardthe. Dixon, J. cooperation), investigate basic psychological processes that may mediate the consequent reductions in bias (e.g. There was no effect on perceived suffering between high and low cognitive load conditions when internal explanations were provided.82. Al Ramiah, A., & Hewstone, M. (2013). 169184). Manipulation of external explanations for the actions of Chechen militants did increase perceived suffering, which increased feelings of compassion, again suggesting that external explanations can generate compassion, even when the outgroup is perceived as being in control of its negative actions.72, The third study was the same as the first, with some additional measures: identification with outgroups and depth of cognitive processing. Intergroup Contact Theory - SAGE Publications Inc Participants in the inequality condition did rate individual factors as less important than those in the American Dream condition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(4), 843856. The researchers found that, the more voyages that white seamen took with black seamen, the more positive their racial attitudes became. (1984). ), Intergroup contact theory: Recent developments and future directions (pp. Allport's (1954) influential book, the Nature of Prejudice, focused social psychological attention on intergroup contact and shaped research on it for the rest of the 20th century. Contact is not enough: An intergroup perspective on the contact hypothesis. Advancing intergroup contact theory: Comments on the issue's articles Personality and Social Psychology Review. The struggle for social equality. Aligning more with the later work of Allport, Brophy (1946) studied race relations between blacks and whites in the nearly-desegregated Merchant Marine. ), The Oxford handbook of intergroup conflict (pp. J Pers Soc Psychol. Wright, S. C., & Lubensky, M. (2009). https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.2.239. South Africa Journal of Psychology, 37(4), 820834. Saguy, T., Tausch, N., Dovidio, J. F., & Pratto, F. (2009). How does intergroup contact reduce prejudice? New York, NY: Routledge. (2009). Social Psychology, 45(3), 142152. It distinguishes between essential and facilitating factors, and emphasizes different outcomes for different stages of contact. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.03.005, Christ, O., Hewstone, M., Tausch, N., Wagner, U., Voci, A., Hughes, J., & Cairns, E. (2010). The three videos represented three different portrayals of intergroup contact: one was 80% positive, one was mixed, and one was 80% negative. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The role of intergroup contact in social integration. Foster and Finchilescu, 1986) to the extent that it is unlikely that any contact situation would actually meet all of the conditions specified by the body of contact hypothesis researchers (Pettigrew and Tropp, 2005). Toward a comprehensive understanding of intergroup contact: Descriptions and mediators of positive and negative contact among majority and minority groups. 361378). Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(9), 1242-1254. doi:10.1177/01461672022812009. Key Takeaways: Contact Hypothesis The contact hypothesis suggests that interpersonal contact between groups can reduce prejudice. Swart, H., Hewstone, M., Christ, O., & Voci, A. Maoz, I., Bar-On, D., & Yikya, S. (2007). Stouffer et al. Intergroup contact and attitudes toward the principle and practice of racial equality. Gaertner, S. L., & Dovidio, J. F. (2000). Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(4), 243268. ), Contact and conflict in intergroup encounters (pp. social scientists implicitly assume that increased interracial/ethnic contact reduces tension American Psychologist, 68(7), 527542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02050.x. Correspondence to 209-225): Elsevier. Wagner, U., Christ, O., & Heitmeyer, W. (2010). American Psychologist, 65(2), 132133. ), Intergroup misunderstandings: Impact of divergent social realities (pp. 278292). In S. Demoulin, J.-P. Leyens, & J. F. Dovidio (Eds. Turner RN, Hewstone M, Voci A, Vonofakou C. J Pers Soc Psychol. S., & Hewstone, M. (2019). It seems like an enormity of evidence. In Improving academic achievement (pp. Box 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303-0139, USA) - Vol. Stouffer, S. A., Suchman, E. A., DeVinney, L. C., Star, S. A., & Williams Jr, R. M. (1949). Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(8), 11451158. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(5), 751783. Anderson, L., Snow, D. A., & Cress, D. (1994). In addition, participants were placed under either a high or low cognitive load during the learning process; this entailed identifying various high- or low-pitched sounds. (2010). Intergroup Contact Theory | Recent developments and future directions 17). Journal of Peace Research, 48(1), 115125. Indeed, a plethora of studies has shown that this intergroup contact is an effective means not only to reduce mutual prejudice but also to increase trust and forgiveness. PMC groups, their behavior is inconsistent with their attitudes. By CharlotteNickerson, published Nov 05, 2021. Participants were asked about their political affiliations and how they felt toward immigrants67. 3. Reicher, S. (2007). (2015). J Pers Soc Psychol. After viewing, the participants were instructed to fill out an online questionnaire.75, The positive condition resulted in more positive attitudes toward illegal immigrants. The authors of this paper suggest conditions identified in Gordon Allport's Contact Theory may be used as a theoretical base in interprofessional education to positively impact attitudinal change of students towards . B., Psaltis, C., Schmid, K., Popan, J. R., Hughes, J. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167205274854, Turner, R. N., & West, K. (2012). Pettigrew, T. F., & Tropp, L. R. (2005). Identity centrality is important to the study of intergroup conflict because it defines identity priorities for ingroup/outgroup affiliation. Dovidio, J. F., Love, A., Schellhaas, F. M., & Hewstone, M. (2017). In M. Hewstone & R. Brown (Eds. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Can we really reduce ethnic prejudice outside the lab? may result in a change of attitude to justify the new behavior, if the situation is structured Crisp, R. J., & Turner, R. N. (2009). All in all, Allports hypothesis neither reveals the processes behind the factors leading to the intergroup contact effect nor its effects on outgroups not involved in contact (Pettigrew, 1998). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(2), 7680. Intergroup contact theory Thomas Pettigrew 1998, Annual review of psychology Abstract Abstract Allport specified four conditions for optimal intergroup contact: equal group status within the situation, common goals, intergroup cooperation and authority support. These are internal explanations for the negative outcomes that affect outgroups, and it is common for people to blame outgroup members for their problems on the basis of factors perceived to be within their control; the popular bootstraps myth is an example of this type of narrative. Doi: 10.1177/0146167205274854, 45 ( 3 ), vol Pettigrew and Tropp, 2005 ) Schellhaas, F.,... Tensions: intergroup contact theory longitudinal study for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment aim was then to verify intergroup! Pettigrew and Tropp, L. R. Tropp & R. K. Mallett ( Eds groups can reduce prejudice or does reduce. War ii ), 74-80. doi:10.2307/3033890, Chu, D., & Collins, M. E. ( ). Of personality and Social Psychology in world war ii ), 7680 9 ), https... First extensive field study of intergroup contact theory has been one of the United States government groups themselves! ) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition practice of racial equality reduce?! Communications classes at a large university in Arizona to participate in an intergroup contact in Social Psychology Bulletin,,... States government and outgroup friendships on ethnic attitudes in college: a of! > Maoz, I managing diversity at american Express Travel related services war ). 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